Factual error: This episode was supposed to be staged outside of a small Washington State town. About midway, they cut to a mountain background scene that is Half Dome in Yosemite National Park, California, then pan to Booth and Brennan talking to the sheriff. Anyone who does not realize an iconic landmark like Half Dome is not in Washington was asleep in Geography class.
The Man in the Fallout Shelter - S1-E9
Continuity mistake: During their first night locked in the lab, Bones and Angela are discussing that they should plan a party for Christmas. Bones' bra straps move on her left shoulder between overhead shots and closeup shots.
Continuity mistake: When Booth and Brennan are speaking with the widow explaining that her husband was murdered. Brennan has her arms folded across her chest, when the shot changes and you see her in the mirror her arms are hanging down at her sides, then when it changes back her arms are folded again. (00:15:00)
Factual error: When Bones is doing the autopsy on the cannibal victims, she dictates her findings into a tape recorder. She refers to a 'low calibre' gun, rather than the correct 'small calibre' reference. Someone who deals with victims frequently, and who is so specific & detailed, would be well aware of the proper references for such things. (00:32:00)
Continuity mistake: Right at the end, when Booth and Bones are having drinks at a bar, as Booth says good bye, Bones has her head resting on her propped up left arm. When Booth turns back to leave, both her arms are on the counter. (00:40:30)
Audio problem: When Booth knocks on Decker's front door, there is no sound of the knocking, even though the dialogue and foley bird sounds are clear. Then, a few seconds later, he knocks again and there is still no sound of the knock. (00:08:58)
Revealing mistake: When taking Bones to infested trees, Ranger Rivers stands sideways. In this view, it is shown that he is not wearing the handcuffs on his wrists. Instead, they are just held in his fingertips.
Continuity mistake: When Booth is showing off his scar to the kid, the picture on the table is constantly changing position between shots. (00:26:10)
Revealing mistake: In the woods, look carefully and you will see Sherman is holding the cuffs behind his back rather than being actually cuffed. (00:31:30)
Continuity mistake: The way Bones positions the bones on the tray change between shots when she photographs them for her team. (00:06:40)
Continuity mistake: When Booth tells Bones that she isn't done yet near the start, Bones puts a pen in her mouth with the back of her hand away from the camera. Camera changes and now it's facing the camera. (00:02:40)
Character mistake: While visiting Hanover Prep, Booth asks what "Omnia Mea Mecum Porto" meant, insinuating that he didn't know Latin. However, in later episodes every time he translates Latin he brings up that he was an altar boy, therefore he should have known Latin during this episode. (03:41:00)
The Soldier on the Grave - S1-E21
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth leans down to greet Hank, his mic wire is visible against his white shirt under split in his jacket. (00:11:30)
The Man with the Bone - S1-E18
Visible crew/equipment: When Jack is getting the rope out of the van you can see the film crew reflected. (00:09:00)
The Skull in the Desert - S1-E17
Continuity mistake: Booth chucks a bag to Bones, who's still in bed. The bag is seen rolling off her in one shot and then it's back on her in the next shot. (00:07:25)
The Skull in the Desert - S1-E17
Continuity mistake: Booth chucks a bag over to Bones and it lands on her legs. Camera cuts and now it's up by her chest. (00:07:15)
Two Bodies in the Lab - S1-E15
Revealing mistake: At the end, Booth takes a shot at the rogue agent who drops his gun. The only problem is Booth's shot misses the other agent. (00:39:20)
Two Bodies in the Lab - S1-E15
Revealing mistake: Bones rolls backwards to pick up a gun. However, when she stands up she's emptied handed until a few seconds later when she has it taken off her. (00:35:30)
Two Bodies in the Lab - S1-E15
Continuity mistake: Just after David rings Bones while she's at home, Booth's hand goes from open to closed instantly. (00:25:45)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.