Revealing mistake: When the town doctor confirms the clothing of the female victim you can see the victim is breathing despite missing a heart and being dead for a week. (00:33:10)
Factual error: This episode was supposed to be staged outside of a small Washington State town. About midway, they cut to a mountain background scene that is Half Dome in Yosemite National Park, California, then pan to Booth and Brennan talking to the sheriff. Anyone who does not realize an iconic landmark like Half Dome is not in Washington was asleep in Geography class.
Factual error: When Bones is doing the autopsy on the cannibal victims, she dictates her findings into a tape recorder. She refers to a 'low calibre' gun, rather than the correct 'small calibre' reference. Someone who deals with victims frequently, and who is so specific & detailed, would be well aware of the proper references for such things. (00:32:00)
Revealing mistake: When taking Bones to infested trees, Ranger Rivers stands sideways. In this view, it is shown that he is not wearing the handcuffs on his wrists. Instead, they are just held in his fingertips.
Revealing mistake: In the woods, look carefully and you will see Sherman is holding the cuffs behind his back rather than being actually cuffed. (00:31:30)
Continuity mistake: The way Bones positions the bones on the tray change between shots when she photographs them for her team. (00:06:40)
Continuity mistake: When Booth tells Bones that she isn't done yet near the start, Bones puts a pen in her mouth with the back of her hand away from the camera. Camera changes and now it's facing the camera. (00:02:40)
Continuity mistake: Bones photographs the arm on a silver tray and sends the photos to Zack and Angela. When they view the photos, they are on a blue background. (00:08:00)
Continuity mistake: We see Bones talking to Dr. Goodman about being sent to Washington. They are upstairs in the Jeffersonian as shown, they turn left through a door and are instantly downstairs. (00:02:40)
Continuity mistake: When telling the sheriff about the cannibal he raises his cup. Camera cuts and he raises his cup again. (00:15:30)
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth walks out of the bar, he puts his jacket on and his shirt rides up a bit. When it does, you can see a mic wire under his shirt. (00:36:45)
Continuity mistake: When Zac is signing for his package, the courier has her hands on the top of the box. Camera cuts and they are no longer on the box. (00:18:05)
Visible crew/equipment: As Booth gets out of his car at the start you can see a crew member in blue jeans reflected in the paintwork. (00:05:40)
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth and Bones are driving at the start a square light screen is reflected in Booth's sunglasses. (00:04:40)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.