Character mistake: While visiting Hanover Prep, Booth asks what "Omnia Mea Mecum Porto" meant, insinuating that he didn't know Latin. However, in later episodes every time he translates Latin he brings up that he was an altar boy, therefore he should have known Latin during this episode. (03:41:00)
Continuity mistake: While waiting for the sex tapes, Bones has her arms crossed or leaning on the car door depending on the shot. (00:29:25)
Continuity mistake: When Bones is saying how good Hodgins is with bugs, the amount and length of noodles hanging out of her mouth changes instantly. (00:19:20)
Continuity mistake: On the platform, Bones gets a phone call. Notice her ponytail. Before the phone call it's high and tight. She then looks at her phone and its low and loose then high and tight again. (00:11:50)
Continuity mistake: At the end when Booth is talking to Bones at the diner he has his left hand flat on the counter in one shot and then raised up in the next. (00:41:00)
Continuity mistake: When Booth finds the broken CD he rests it on his face, camera cuts and now he is pointing with it. (00:26:30)
Audio problem: When Angela is saying the line "put an adolescent in an awkward situation" you can see that her words don't match her mouth. (00:18:25)
Continuity mistake: When Booth arrives at the posh school, the gate-man goes to put his pen in his shirt pocket. Camera cuts and now his hand is suddenly down by his side. (00:03:50)
Other mistake: When Booth says about passing the journey in quiet meditation, the background outside the car (which is s projection) flashes white very briefly. (00:02:50)
Continuity mistake: At the start, Zac leans forward and says to Booth about calling after every sexual encounter. Camera cuts to Bones and Zac is now sat back again. (00:02:25)
Revealing mistake: When Hodgins is explaining about decomp gasses, you can see in one shot Angela is mouthing his lines. (00:18:10)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.