The Dentist in the Ditch - S5-E13
Continuity mistake: Booth is telling Bones and Sweets that the victim was married for 5 years. When he does, Bones has her hand by her mouth in one shot and down on her notepad in the next. (00:28:40)
The Plain in the Prodigy - S5-E3
Continuity mistake: The girl says that she saw a "full on Amish guy" who looked pissed. When she says this to Booth, he hand disappears from her chin instantly. (00:24:40)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When confronting Molly about sleeping with the victim, Booth has both hands down by his side. When the camera cuts his one hand is now scratching his cheek. (00:14:15)
Continuity mistake: When interviewing Lexi she puts her arms up and plays with her hair in one shot but then in the next her arms are down. (00:28:30)
The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: When Booth is questioning Brandon for the first time, Booth and Brandon's positions in the interview room are different to the live feed behind the glass. (00:16:40)
The Salt in the Wounds - S4-E17
Continuity mistake: When lowering the remains into the tank, Aristoo's grip on the remains changes instantly. (00:11:05)
The Princess and the Pear - S4-E15
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins finds the sword the plastic wrap is very wide around the hilt. When he holds the sword up, the plastic is flush with the hilt. (00:20:40)
The Passenger in the Oven - S4-E10
Continuity mistake: When Booth sneaks into 1st class at the start Bones slides her eye mask up on her forehead. A few shots later, without touching her mask, it is now a lot higher on her forehead. (00:02:15)
Continuity mistake: When Bones is examining the ring, the position of the ring and her fingers is constantly changing. (00:37:05)
Continuity mistake: When Novarro, Booth and Bones are looking at the drain, there are a few marks on the floor by Booth's feet. In the close up these marks have disappeared. (00:27:00)
Continuity mistake: When Angela tells Gordon about the python, Gordon has the sandwich up to his mouth in one shot and lowered in the next. (00:23:40)
Continuity mistake: When Angela is in the diner with Gordon, she has her drink in her hand. When the shot changes, her glass is on the table. (00:23:40)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones is telling the physics professor that 5 students failed the exam, the professor is clasping up her briefcase. Shot changes and her hand is no longer on the briefcase. (00:22:10)
Continuity mistake: When in the diner after going to the Japanese tea room, Booth has his fingers rubbing his temple. Shot changes and his hand is lowered. (00:11:15)
The Skull in the Sculpture - S4-E8
Continuity mistake: Booth asks Roxy if she used to get the victim his drugs. When he does so, he has his hands clasped together with his index finger raised. When the shot changes, his hands are no longer clasped and the index finger is no longer raised. (00:15:40)
The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: When Angela first walks onto the platform at the start and starts flirting with Clark, the way she holds her folder changes between shots. (00:03:30)
The Salt in the Wounds - S4-E17
Continuity mistake: The way Booth's hands are clasped when talking to Clint at the end in the diner changes between shots. (00:39:00)
Continuity mistake: Hodgins takes the lid off the fish blender twice when trying to find out what killed the fish. (00:32:00)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Visible crew/equipment: As we see Sully sail off into the sunset on his own, a hand and head can be seen on the boat with him despite a key point being he is on his own. (00:40:40)
The Girl in the Gator - S2-E13
Factual error: In the interview room with the father, they show him the locket which is in an evidence bag. We next see the father holding and opening the locket. There is no way they would allow him to open and remove the locket from the evidence bag. (00:07:15)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.