Continuity mistake: Generally, it seems like it's cloudy on a rooftop, or Atraxi ship is making a shadow on it, but for one moment, after Doctor comes through the hologram, we can see bright sun and a shadow of construction behind the camera.
Continuity mistake: When the Doctor finds Joe's corpse, he walks up to him and puts his hand on his shoulder. In the next shot, facing Joe, the Doctor is suddenly in a completely different position relative to him, behind him as opposed to next to him. (00:15:06)
Continuity mistake: When Davros activates a screen in the Vault to show the Doctor and Rose the Reality Bomb test, the screen shows the prisoners being herded into the testing area, something that already happened shortly before. (00:23:14)
Continuity mistake: When Rose is telling Auton Mickey that she thinks they should stay away from the Doctor because he's dangerous, a lock of her hair in front of her face tucks itself behind her ear when the shot changes to a close-up. (00:24:42)
The End of Time: Part Two - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: When Wilf looks down while holding his service revolver at the end of his conversation with the Woman in White, the position of his right index finger changes between shots. (00:23:35)
Silence in the Library (1) - S4-E8
Continuity mistake: When the girl recognizes the Doctor on her TV, telling him that he was in her library, and he reacts, the position of her pencil crayon in her hand changes between shots. (00:20:45)
Continuity mistake: When Donna is sneaking around the Sontaran ship, she's carrying Martha's old phone, which she's using to stay in touch with the Doctor, and the rubber mallet from the TARDIS. There are times when one of the two objects, the phone more often, is missing from her hands with no explanation.
Continuity mistake: During Donna and the Doctor's conversation with an Ood at the reception who she approaches to ask if he's all right with being a servant, in shots facing the Ood, he's holding his translator ball higher than he is in wide shots and shots facing Donna. (00:11:50)
The Impossible Planet (1) - S2-E11
Continuity mistake: After Ida retracts the roof to show the black hole, there is a shot where the Doctor and Rose are looking at it, with nothing above them, as he explains about it. However, other shots of the base's control room show that there are things in the room, such as wires connecting the central computer table to the walls, that should have been visible. (00:08:00)
Continuity mistake: During Mickey's struggle with the plastic trash bin, the angles of sunlight and shadows keep changing between shots. (00:22:20 - 00:23:20)
Continuity mistake: After the Doctor and Wilf get off the seniors' bus, they're waving goodbye. In a close-up shot, the Doctor is waving with his right hand, but in a wider shot immediately afterwards, he's switched to his left hand. (00:25:10)
The Snowmen - S7-E7
Continuity mistake: As Clara first realises the differences in the TARDIS exterior and interior, she goes to circle the outside, leaving the door open. A second later, it's closed, but open upon her entrance.
Continuity mistake: When the Doctor starts writing "Time" on the chalkboard during class, the "T" is slanted, but in a following wideshot when he's completed the vertical "TARDIS" the handwriting has changed. (00:08:10)
Continuity mistake: As the Doctor stares down at young Amy, he takes a perfectly red apple from her and bites it. When the angle changes, and he spits the bite out, the apple has changed to an ordinary red and green one. (00:06:05)
Continuity mistake: Davros' chair has metal parts which go over his shoulders - they are attached to the chair, not Davros. When the Doctor steals Davros' chair they disappear, but when Davros is back in it they have reappeared.
The Angels Take Manhattan - S7-E6
Continuity mistake: As the Doctor explains about the book he's reading, he goes from holding it with one hand to two between angles. (00:07:19)
Continuity mistake: The Auton in the red shirt is seen starting to come down the escalator, then at a quarter of the way down, then at the top again, just starting down. (00:38:22)
Continuity mistake: When Robin Hood has finished introducing the merry men to the Doctor and Clara, Clara says "You really are Robin Hood and his merry men" and she is shown with her arms parted away from each other. In the next shot, her arms are suddenly closer to her. Then in the next shot, her hands are now closed together. (00:08:25)
The Day of the Doctor - S7-E16
Continuity mistake: When the three Doctors have all just come up with a plan to stop Gallifrey being destroyed, the War Doctor shouts "Thank you, Bad Wolf Girl!" At this moment, standing in front of "Rose", the Tenth Doctor's hair is spiked up and messy, but then immediately in the next shot, after the Moment has disappeared, when he questions what the War Doctor just said, his hair is flat and neat again. (01:06:25)
Continuity mistake: The submarine surfaces among icebergs at the end. Just as the others go back into the submarine, the Doctor stays up there. Some snow goes onto his lip and his hair. In the following shot, we can see he isn't moving. But in the next shot, the snow on his hair and lip isn't there anymore. (00:40:00)
Chosen answer: 1) When Stephen Moffat took over he ignored a lot of what had been developed before (there is not in-universe answer). 2) It would have killed Rose, so the Doctor absorbed the energy. His body regenerated before the energy could do a significant amount of damage that would prevent regeneration.