Continuity mistake: When they pull the body out of the water, there is some vegetation hanging by the body's face in a close up that wasn't there in a previous mid range shot. (00:03:30)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Visible crew/equipment: Bones asks Sully if he can afford the boat, and he turns to look around the boat. When he does a mic pack is visible attached to his belt. (00:05:10)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Visible crew/equipment: When examining the hip bone for the 1st time, behind Booth on the floor is a black tape marker level with the ladder. (00:19:50)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Continuity mistake: Zack identifies the bone as belonging to a male who died 2 years ago of cancer. Booth, when questioning the parents say's it was 3 years ago they buried their son and the parents agree. (00:25:00)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Visible crew/equipment: When talking to the directors of the funeral home, Booth stands up from his desk and walks behind the 2 people. As he does so, a blue tape marker is visible on the floor by Booth's desk. (00:29:50)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Visible crew/equipment: When we first see both sets of remains on the table at the Jeffersonian, Angela walks up to the tables and a tape marker is visible on the floor by her feet. (00:31:40)
The Boneless Bride in the River - S2-E16
Visible crew/equipment: As we see Sully sail off into the sunset on his own, a hand and head can be seen on the boat with him despite a key point being he is on his own. (00:40:40)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: When handed the sketch in the rose garden, the priest has some secateurs in his right hand which are not there in the closeup of the sketch. (00:05:30)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: When the priest is naming the plants, Bones' arms go from by her side to crossed in front of her instantly. (00:05:50)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: When the priest names all the plants he points with his right hand which between camera cuts becomes his left arm. (00:05:50)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: When Bones is saying about the yew trees near the start, Booth puts his hand up to his mouth to hide him saying shut up. His hand is empty in one shot and got a piece of paper in the next. (00:06:20)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Dr Gordon are in the interrogation room, Dr Gordon has his hands up in front of him when Bones gets a phone call. As the shot changes, his hands are lowered and on the table. (00:26:40)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Audio problem: When Father Sands asks Booth if he does all his investigations based on rumour his mouth doesn't move in the over the shoulder shot. (00:29:50)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: In the diner, Booth states that Father Donlan keeps getting sent troublesome priests. When he does he has one hand in the air. Camera cuts and now he has both hands up in the air. (00:31:00)
The Priest in the Churchyard - S2-E17
Continuity mistake: At the diner, after Dr. Gordon has told Bones and Booth the problem with their relationship, the two shares a triumphant hand slap. Bones' glass refills itself between shots.
The Killer in the Concrete - S2-E18
Continuity mistake: When the bounty hunter sits down in the diner, booths grip on his spoon changes between shots. (00:08:30)
Continuity mistake: Bones and Booth visit the astronaut's wife at her house to interview her. She starts off at the very right end of the green sofa. She moves towards the middle of the sofa in between shots.
The Glowing Bones in the Old Stone House - S2-E20
Visible crew/equipment: At the start as Bones says about how Angela turned Hodgins down, there is a clear shot of Bones' top and a microphone visible just inside it. (00:01:00)
The Glowing Bones in the Old Stone House - S2-E20
Continuity mistake: When speaking to the husband in the kitchen and saying about going over the books, the husband has his hand up to his head in one shot and lowered in the immediate following shot. (00:18:30)
The Glowing Bones in the Old Stone House - S2-E20
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth is in the kitchen at Carly's talking to the husband who is going over the books of the restaurant, a tape marker is visible. (00:18:30)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.