Continuity mistake: On the platform, Bones gets a phone call. Notice her ponytail. Before the phone call it's high and tight. She then looks at her phone and its low and loose then high and tight again. (00:11:50)
Continuity mistake: When Bones is saying how good Hodgins is with bugs, the amount and length of noodles hanging out of her mouth changes instantly. (00:19:20)
Continuity mistake: When Booth finds the broken CD he rests it on his face, camera cuts and now he is pointing with it. (00:26:30)
Continuity mistake: While waiting for the sex tapes, Bones has her arms crossed or leaning on the car door depending on the shot. (00:29:25)
Continuity mistake: At the end when Booth is talking to Bones at the diner he has his left hand flat on the counter in one shot and then raised up in the next. (00:41:00)
Continuity mistake: The lawyer gives Booth the file on Howard Epps and he opens it with a picture on the left hand (screen right) side. Camera shows the file open and that photo is now on the right under a bulldog clip there fore making it impossible the photo fell and swapped sides when opened. The picture also rotates. (00:03:50)
Continuity mistake: When Booth places the beaker of Hodgin's beetle, Zac's beetle swaps place on the table instantly. It goes from left of the beaker to right. (00:06:35)
Continuity mistake: When going through the photos, Bones is looking at one of the victim in a field. Camera changes and now it is one of the victim's face close up. (00:11:00)
Continuity mistake: Angela asks Bones what the rush is. When she does, Bones' ponytail is down her back. Camera changes angle and now it's over her shoulder without moving her head. (00:12:45)
Continuity mistake: The amount of dirt on the skull Bones finds near the end changes drastically. (00:36:00)
Continuity mistake: Near the end we see Booth digging up some bodies. His grip on the shovel changes instantly from both hands at the top of the shovel handle to one half way down the handle. (00:36:20)
Continuity mistake: When Booth tells Bones that she isn't done yet near the start, Bones puts a pen in her mouth with the back of her hand away from the camera. Camera changes and now it's facing the camera. (00:02:40)
Continuity mistake: We see Bones talking to Dr. Goodman about being sent to Washington. They are upstairs in the Jeffersonian as shown, they turn left through a door and are instantly downstairs. (00:02:40)
Continuity mistake: The way Bones positions the bones on the tray change between shots when she photographs them for her team. (00:06:40)
Continuity mistake: Bones photographs the arm on a silver tray and sends the photos to Zack and Angela. When they view the photos, they are on a blue background. (00:08:00)
Continuity mistake: When telling the sheriff about the cannibal he raises his cup. Camera cuts and he raises his cup again. (00:15:30)
Continuity mistake: When Zac is signing for his package, the courier has her hands on the top of the box. Camera cuts and they are no longer on the box. (00:18:05)
Continuity mistake: At the very start Bones is holding the microphone and its pointing towards her. Next shot, Dr Goodman has the microphone pointing at him. (00:00:40)
Continuity mistake: At the start Bones starts to put the roof down on her car. Camera cuts and the roof is instantly down. Not possible in an instant cut. (00:01:40)
Continuity mistake: Zac is going over the details of the boy's injuries and in doing so is touching the body. Camera cuts and his hand is now a good 2 foot higher than the body. (00:10:50)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.