Other mistake: When Booth says about passing the journey in quiet meditation, the background outside the car (which is s projection) flashes white very briefly. (00:02:50)
The Woman in the Garden - S1-E13
Other mistake: Just after Booth realises the drive by was done to help the gang member escape, we see him run up to Bones who's on the forensic platform. However Booth doesn't swipe his pass to allow him entry. Whenever anyone walks up without swiping the card, a siren goes off and the security guard stops them. Regardless of who they are, as demonstrated in several episodes. (00:06:00)
The Skull in the Desert - S1-E17
Other mistake: When Bones, Booth and Angela are in the desert looking for the crime scene and sheriff's sister, Booth mentions they are at least five days walking distance from the highway. A few moments later you can see trucks and other vehicles go by on a highway in the far background. (00:30:02 - 00:31:22)
Other mistake: Hodges and Angie find a piece of paper buried with Bones' mother and they tell Bones that the date of the movie is September 22, 1993. The ticket has two dates, September 22, 1993 and in two different places it says April 22, 1993. The Fugitive was released August 6th, 1993.
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.