Continuity mistake: When Booth is sleeping at the very start his head changes place on his hands. (00:00:40)
Continuity mistake: When the British police woman is saying what jurisdiction Booth will have, his shirt lapel goes from unobstructed to folded over. (00:05:30)
Continuity mistake: When Booth is freaking out about a cup of coffee while stood in the middle of the roundabout, 2 cars pass him. Camera cuts and the second car is going past again. (00:15:20)
Continuity mistake: When Bones asks Booth what he's got from Scotland Yard, the handle on the striped bag goes from outside to inside the bag. (00:01:30)
Continuity mistake: Booth gets a bobble-head bobbie and holds it with two hands. However, in one rear shot he is holding him with one hand. (00:01:30)
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins is thrown into the back of the bin lorry the position of the blue bag changes between shots. (00:24:10)
Continuity mistake: When Booth is handed the Walther PPK the Brit has both her hands on the box. When the shot changes she has one hand on her pint. (00:26:40)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Continuity mistake: Booth asks to hear Schatz bark, the owners hand moves from petting the dog to in his lap holding the chain between shots. (00:11:10)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Continuity mistake: Bones throws the blue ball for Gladys and has her hands down by her waist. Camera changes and one hand is now up by her head. (00:17:30)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins and the intern are discussing the car Hodgins purchased as a kid, Hodgins has his right arm scooping stuff into his sieve. Camera changes and now he is sifting through the stuff with his left hand. (00:28:20)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: At the start we see 2 or 3 bits floating in the purple section of the water, camera changes to a long shot and only 1 piece is in the purple now. (00:01:00)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: The mud patterns on the therapist's chest change position after Ralph has run out. (00:16:30)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: Bones tests some liquid to determine if blood is present. She uses about 2" in the test tube. The result shows a pink hue, not red. The camera angle changes, and now there's only about 1" in the tube, and it is red, not pink. (00:31:10)
The Crank in the Shaft - S4-E6
Continuity mistake: Bones walks onto the lab platform - first, there's no beep from the card reader, and second, she comes up on the wrong side of the steps, where there is no card reader anyway. The mistake is that the production team seems to have completely forgotten about the requirement for card access to that platform. They've had card access required since Season 1; anytime someone doesn't swipe their card, alarms go off. (00:26:00)
The Crank in the Shaft - S4-E6
Continuity mistake: At the end, the female suspect has her hand flat on the table in the interview room. Camera changes to a long shot and now her hand is clenched into a fist. (00:38:10)
Continuity mistake: Booth picks up a large white picture frame of the victim and holds it in his left hand. When the camera changes he turns around and is now holding it in his different hand. (00:08:20)
Continuity mistake: The way Booth holds the taper recorder during the first interview changes between shots. Note his fingers. (00:18:00)
The Skull in the Sculpture - S4-E8
Continuity mistake: Cam tells Hodgins that the aim is to remove the remains with minimal disruption. When she does she points at Hodgins with 1 finger then in the next shot she has her hand spread open. (00:10:00)
The Skull in the Sculpture - S4-E8
Continuity mistake: Booth asks Roxy if she used to get the victim his drugs. When he does so, he has his hands clasped together with his index finger raised. When the shot changes, his hands are no longer clasped and the index finger is no longer raised. (00:15:40)
The Skull in the Sculpture - S4-E8
Continuity mistake: When Angela and Roxy are rekindling their relationship in the studio, Angela's hand suddenly appears by her chin with no time move it there. (00:21:30)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.