Revealing mistake: When the town doctor confirms the clothing of the female victim you can see the victim is breathing despite missing a heart and being dead for a week. (00:33:10)
Revealing mistake: When taking Bones to infested trees, Ranger Rivers stands sideways. In this view, it is shown that he is not wearing the handcuffs on his wrists. Instead, they are just held in his fingertips.
Revealing mistake: In the woods, look carefully and you will see Sherman is holding the cuffs behind his back rather than being actually cuffed. (00:31:30)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.