Continuity mistake: After Ironhide crashes into the two remaining Dreads, both of them transform. We get a close-up of one of them, who transforms over a lamppost, about 10 feet above it. The next shot has him past the lamppost, and at the same height as the lantern itself - instantly.
Continuity mistake: When Optimus takes the roll to avoid getting shot by Shockwave, you can see the very distinct clock of the Hotchkiss building can be seen in the background, yet they aren't fighting in front of that. In the next shots, the building in front of which Optimus rips out Shockwave's eye is much more modern.
Continuity mistake: During the freeway chase, there is a shot with Hatchet landing on a car on the opposite side of the freeway. This shot has all sorts of poles on the center guardrail, and structures in the background. Then the poles in the center disappear, and the white-ish buildings in the background change into a bridge.
Continuity mistake: When Optimus takes a dive after his rampage in front of Shockwave, you can see that it is actually in front of the building with the control pillar in it (note the very distinct clock in the background) yet when Optimus shoots the dome and the pillar down, he's a good distance away from it.
Continuity mistake: When NEST is tracking The Dreads, in the satellite shot there is hardly any traffic on the freeway. However, in the shot immediately afterwards, it's very busy.
Continuity mistake: When the Autobots return to base to protect Sentinel Prime, when they enter you see Sideswipe after Sentinel Prime, but when they are in you see Ironhide after Sentinel Prime instead.
Continuity mistake: When Carly nearly reaches Megatron, there is a slow-motion shot of her with an SUV blowing up in the background. In the first shot, it flies up in an upright position. In the second shot, it suddenly spinning.
Factual error: When the NEST team is wing suit diving, the skyline of Chicago is reversed. Grant Park is to the south of the John Hancock Tower in real-life, and not to the north of it.
Revealing mistake: During the highway scene with the black GMC Decepticons chasing the Autobots, a number of civilian cars are flipped. If you look at the underside of a few of the cars, you can see the hole they use to launch a post to help flip the vehicle for the stunt. A brief puff of white smoke can also be seen on a Toyota Camry which is from the CO2 used to launch the post during the flip.
Audio problem: In the Russian bar scene the female bartender cycles a pump action shotgun at Dutch when she is holding a double barrel shotgun. Dutch then disarms her, when he turns the shotgun back on her you can hear a pump action shotgun being functioned and an empty shell hitting the floor. Dutch is holding a double barrel shotgun in the scene.
Continuity mistake: When The Ark escapes Cybertron it is hit by a missile tearing off a massive chunk out of one of its wings. Yet when it crashes on the moon, both wings are fully intact.
Continuity mistake: During the final fight between Optimus and Sentinel, a long curved copper pipe going from Sentinel Prime's chest to his right arm disappears and reappears between shots. And it isn't torn of in the fight between only the Prime's, I cannot say if Megatron doesn't remove it later on.
Continuity mistake: During the freeway chase scene, Bumblebee widens his tires considerably for better braking abilities. In the next shot, the rest of him/the car is instantly semi-transformed.
Continuity mistake: When Carly shows Sam the stuffed bunny, her hair is curly. Then when she jumps on the bed, her hair is straight.
Continuity mistake: Sideswipe's rims keep changing throughout the movie. At some point he has rims which have a pretty big distance between the edge and the actual spokes and at other points he has rims which have the spokes on the edge of the wheels all together.
Audio problem: In the scene where Dylan is explaining the Decepticon's plan to Carly, there is a shot of Sentinel Prime moving the control pillar into the tower. During this shot, if you look to the left, you can see that Dylan's mouth is not moving when he is supposed to be talking.
Revealing mistake: In the Chicago battle scene when the two small autobots bring down the large decepticon ship, just after the ship runs into the building (Key Tower, Tribune Tower, or Pittsfield Building), the CGI detail is unrendered and the top of the building is only drawn in plain polygon.
Continuity mistake: When Sam leaves for his job interviews he sees his parents and drops his jacket, he then walks back into the apartment and comes back out with his jacket in his hands.
Continuity mistake: When Optimus arrives in the street where he battles Shockwave, he passes the firetruck (behind which Sideswipe takes cover) twice.
Continuity mistake: When Sam first meets Dylan Gould at his showroom/office, there is a close up of Dylan using an iPad which he hands to his assistant. His assistant then folds her arms, covering the Apple logo. In the next shot it has been repositioned to show the logo.