The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins approaches Bones, Cam and Angela who are having a coffee, the position of Angela and Bones changes instantly. (00:30:50)
The Doctor in the Den - S4-E18
Continuity mistake: Around the 37-minute mark Bones approaches Cam with an update on the case. When she does, Cams position alters between shots. A hand suddenly appears by her mouth/chin. (00:37:30)
The Science in the Physicist - S4-E19
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Booth are looking at the meteorite for the 1st time, they are approached by Chris who folds his arms to talk to the pair. When the shot changes, his hands are now in his pockets. (00:07:50)
The Science in the Physicist - S4-E19
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Booth get trapped in the resonance chamber, the position of Booth's hands over his ears changes back and forth between shots. (00:34:30)
The Science in the Physicist - S4-E19
Continuity mistake: Bones finds a spot of damage on the chair (front side, about 4" down from the top edge). Yet later, the chair is without any damage.
The Cinderella in the Cardboard - S4-E20
Continuity mistake: When Daisy convinces Sweets that she's not cheating on him, her arms move back and forth from his shoulders to around his neck. (00:37:05)
Continuity mistake: When interviewing Lexi she puts her arms up and plays with her hair in one shot but then in the next her arms are down. (00:28:30)
The Double Death of the Dearly Departed - S4-E22
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Cam drive off with the corpse in the car, the bumper reflects a studio parking lot. Not the suburban street they were just on. (00:12:10)
Continuity mistake: When in the diner after going to the Japanese tea room, Booth has his fingers rubbing his temple. Shot changes and his hand is lowered. (00:11:15)
Continuity mistake: When Booth and Bones are shown the Pimp's scar, the towel the guy is holding switches hands instantly. (00:16:30)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: Bone holds up the evidence bag containing the bullet. In the next shot, her arm and the bag is lowered. (00:13:10)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones and Booth are talking to Molly about her sleeping with Beaver, her facial expression goes from angry/upset to laughing during an instant cut. (00:14:10)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When confronting Molly about sleeping with the victim, Booth has both hands down by his side. When the camera cuts his one hand is now scratching his cheek. (00:14:15)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones asks for the bed sheets, the first male to drop his sheet has it across both shoulders. He then takes it off one shoulder then the camera changes and it's off both shoulders. (00:15:30)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: Booth gives Jared the details for a job interview and puts it in his hand and the paper is completely in Jared clasp. Camera changes and now the paper is visible. (00:16:50)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When Bones is telling the physics professor that 5 students failed the exam, the professor is clasping up her briefcase. Shot changes and her hand is no longer on the briefcase. (00:22:10)
The Critic in the Cabernet - S4-E25
Continuity mistake: When interviewing the suspect over fake wine, Booth picks up the bottle. Camera changes and the bottle is back on the table. (00:34:40)
The Critic in the Cabernet - S4-E25
Continuity mistake: Hodgins and Fisher are discussing how hard it is to remove wine stain. Hodgins' rubber gloves are very dirty. When Fisher realizes how to clean the bones, Hodgins' gloves are much cleaner, only stained around the finger tips.
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.