The Spoiler Alert Segmentation - S6-E15
Revealing mistake: Throughout the series much is made of the fact that Howard's mother is grossly obese, and in The Engagement Reaction (S4 E23) it is even mentioned that her arms are hugely oversized. However, at the end of this episode we see her arms when she grabs Raj to stop him climbing out of the window, and they are the arms of an average-weight woman - they aren't overweight at all.
The Spoiler Alert Segmentation - S6-E15
Other mistake: When Leonard and Sheldon are about to make up, you see green lights flash in the hallway. The next shot you see the hallway and it's completely normal.
Chosen answer: The song is called "Dark as a Dungeon" and was written and first performed by singer-songwriter Merle Travis in 1946. It has been performed by a wide array of artists, including Tennessee Ernie Ford, Harry Belafonte, Dolly Parton, Queens of the Stone Age, Kathy Mattea and Amy Grant. But it was made most famous when it was performed and recorded by Johnny Cash during his concert at Folsom Prison in 1968. According to Wikipedia: "It is a lament about the danger and drudgery of being a coal miner in an Appalachian shaft mine. It has become a rallying song among miners seeking improved working conditions."
Michael Albert