Double Trouble in the Panhandle - S4-E12
Revealing mistake: At the end, the stunt double for Bones is visible when she falls off the high wire. (00:39:15)
Revealing mistake: After speaking to the children the victim used to look after, the scenery outside the car shows the car is going forward when we see Booth but when the camera is on Bones, the background is going backwards. (00:17:50)
The Passenger in the Oven - S4-E10
Continuity mistake: The second time Booth sneaks into 1st class, Bones removes her headphone to talk to him. In the one shot however her headphones are back on. (00:06:15)
The Con Man in the Meth Lab - S4-E9
Continuity mistake: At the end, Bones goes to sit next to Booth in the bus stop. When she sits down, Booths position completely changes between shots. (00:41:00)
The Con Man in the Meth Lab - S4-E9
Continuity mistake: Bones pulls the money out of a paper bag in two stacks. Each stack has 2 elastic bands around it. One at each end. One of these 4 elastic bands is red and the other 3 are brown. When we see a close up of the money the red band has disappeared and now is a brown band. (00:21:00)
Visible crew/equipment: When Bones, Hodgins, Cam and Vincent work out the victim was hit twice and it's murder, a lime green tape marker is visible between Vincent's feet. (00:34:20)
Continuity mistake: The way Booth holds the taper recorder during the first interview changes between shots. Note his fingers. (00:18:00)
Continuity mistake: Booth picks up a large white picture frame of the victim and holds it in his left hand. When the camera changes he turns around and is now holding it in his different hand. (00:08:20)
The Crank in the Shaft - S4-E6
Continuity mistake: At the end, the female suspect has her hand flat on the table in the interview room. Camera changes to a long shot and now her hand is clenched into a fist. (00:38:10)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: The mud patterns on the therapist's chest change position after Ralph has run out. (00:16:30)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: At the start we see 2 or 3 bits floating in the purple section of the water, camera changes to a long shot and only 1 piece is in the purple now. (00:01:00)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Continuity mistake: When Hodgins and the intern are discussing the car Hodgins purchased as a kid, Hodgins has his right arm scooping stuff into his sieve. Camera changes and now he is sifting through the stuff with his left hand. (00:28:20)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Continuity mistake: Booth asks to hear Schatz bark, the owners hand moves from petting the dog to in his lap holding the chain between shots. (00:11:10)
Continuity mistake: When Booth is freaking out about a cup of coffee while stood in the middle of the roundabout, 2 cars pass him. Camera cuts and the second car is going past again. (00:15:20)
Continuity mistake: When the British police woman is saying what jurisdiction Booth will have, his shirt lapel goes from unobstructed to folded over. (00:05:30)
Visible crew/equipment: When Booth checks out of the silver sports car, two yellow tape markers are visible between the two cars. (00:23:35)
The Crank in the Shaft - S4-E6
Continuity mistake: Bones walks onto the lab platform - first, there's no beep from the card reader, and second, she comes up on the wrong side of the steps, where there is no card reader anyway. The mistake is that the production team seems to have completely forgotten about the requirement for card access to that platform. They've had card access required since Season 1; anytime someone doesn't swipe their card, alarms go off. (00:26:00)
The Perfect Pieces in the Purple Pond - S4-E5
Continuity mistake: Bones tests some liquid to determine if blood is present. She uses about 2" in the test tube. The result shows a pink hue, not red. The camera angle changes, and now there's only about 1" in the tube, and it is red, not pink. (00:31:10)
The Finger in the Nest - S4-E4
Visible crew/equipment: After Hodgins examines the victim's car at the FBI, the next scene has Booth's truck driving down a country road, passing the camera in a close-up. As it passes the camera, reflected in the door is the cameraman's torso & arm. (00:14:30)
The Beaver in the Otter - S4-E24
Continuity mistake: When confronting Molly about sleeping with the victim, Booth has both hands down by his side. When the camera cuts his one hand is now scratching his cheek. (00:14:15)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.