The Final Chapter: The Flaw in the Saw - S12-E6
Revealing mistake: At the very end we see Bones and Booth on the rolling log. In the front view the log is obscured from shot however it's clear from the motions of Booth and particularly Bones that they are stood on level ground, mimicking the actions of being on the log. (00:41:00)
The Final Chapter: The Steal in the Wheels - S12-E9
Revealing mistake: When Booth launches his car off the other car in the derby, the sparks that appear don't line up with where Booth hits the car. (00:35:35)
The Final Chapter: The Day in the Life - S12-E11
Revealing mistake: Aubrey takes a tablet of some kind. However if you watch closely you will see he drops it in his mug instead of in his mouth.
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.