The Head in the Abutment - S11-E19
Character mistake: Hodgins flies a decapitated human head via drone all the way from the crime scene to the Jeffersonian. A distance of several miles over city and urban landscapes. This would comprise all the evidence and be a massive risk to public health. Dr. Hodgins would know how much it would mess up the evidence since his area of expertise is particulates, and insects, both of which would be compromised. (00:28:30)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.