Visible crew/equipment: Just after Missy treads on Osgood's glasses after killing her, you can see a boom mike shadow on the wall.
Visible crew/equipment: On the Moon's surface, the camera and boom mic can be seen reflected on the visor of the astronaut as she talks to Clara.
Chosen answer: 1) When Stephen Moffat took over he ignored a lot of what had been developed before (there is not in-universe answer). 2) It would have killed Rose, so the Doctor absorbed the energy. His body regenerated before the energy could do a significant amount of damage that would prevent regeneration.