The Doctor Dances (2) - S1-E10
Factual error: Magnetic tape recorders weren't available outside of Germany during World War II. True the tape recorder could have been captured from the Germans, but, as it was cutting-edge technology for 1941, it would hardly be likely to have ended up in a hospital office.
The Doctor Dances (2) - S1-E10
Factual error: Look closely at some of the freight wagons at 'Limehouse Green' railway station: several of them appear to have 'British Rail Freightliner' livery. This episode is set in 1941, but British Rail did not exist until 1948, and the Freightliner Division did not exist until the 1980s.
Chosen answer: 1) When Stephen Moffat took over he ignored a lot of what had been developed before (there is not in-universe answer). 2) It would have killed Rose, so the Doctor absorbed the energy. His body regenerated before the energy could do a significant amount of damage that would prevent regeneration.