Bart Carny - S9-E12
Factual error: Sharks cannot just reverse backwards like that one did under the glass bottom boat. The only way sharks can go backwards is either swimming around in a circle or allowing the current to carry them.
Factual error: Bart uses Milhouse's glasses as binoculars, but as Milhouse is near-sighted this wouldn't work.
Factual error: When Selma throws Moleman out of her car, the passenger door is hinged at the rear instead of The Front as it should be on a relatively-modern hatchback, and the window crank is visible on the outside of the door.
Holidays of Future Passed - S23-E9
Factual error: When Lisa is trying to find Zia on the internet, the Google design shows Doctor Seuss because it is his birthday. Doctor Seuss' birthday is March 2nd. This takes place on December 24th.
The Burns and the Bees - S20-E8
Factual error: When the bees fly to Mr. Burns' stadium, they are shown as seeing the stadium with 11 eyes. Bees only have 5 eyes. (00:18:15)
Homer's Triple Bypass - S4-E11
Factual error: I get it, it's a comedy. But after open heart surgery, you are sedated for 1-2 days and on a ventilator. So, Homer even being awake after open heart surgery is completely false. Also, as someone who has had open heart surgery, you can barely move your chest because your sternum is fractured.
The Last Of The Red Hat Mamas - S17-E7
Factual error: Milhouse says he speaks fluent Italian, but his Italian is full of basic grammatical errors. He says that "insegnante" means "masculine teacher" when the same word is used for a male or female teacher. There are errors in Lisa's Italian course too ("barca piccola" instead of "piccola barca"). Despite Lisa's understandable mistakes, as she is a learner, Milhouse never corrects her (there is no such word as "idioto"). Even Milhouse's grandmother, who is Italian, makes many grammatical mistakes.
Factual error: When Bart is at Nelson's house and Nelson is firing the BB gun, bullets should come out of his gun when he pumps it. None ever come out, and several times he is shown firing without pumping.
I Don't Wanna Know Why the Caged Bird Sings - S19-E4
Factual error: During Dwight's attempted bank robbery, he gets hit with a couple of dye packs, then appears a few shots later totally clean. The dye packs banks use are notoriously difficult to wash off once they're triggered; even if Dwight did manage to clean himself up, there would still be remnants of dye on him.
Marge vs. Singles, Seniors, Childless Couples and Teens, and Gays - S15-E8
Factual error: The symbols on the heads of the Teletubbies on stage are wrong. They did use the word 'teletubbies', so they're meant to be the same as the real world. (00:05:40)
Answer: I'm not sure if this is the one you're thinking of, but an episode of "Ray Bradbury Theatre," called "A Sound of Thunder," dealt with a similar matter: a group of hunters travel back in time to hunt dinosaurs, only to find things have changed when they get back because someone stepped on a butterfly.
Xofer