The Pyramid at the End of the World - S10-E8
Revealing mistake: The Monks show the Doctor and company simulations of a future, lifeless Earth - but some visible trees reveal the origins of the footage as being from the aftermath of natural disasters. (00:24:10)
Chosen answer: 1) When Stephen Moffat took over he ignored a lot of what had been developed before (there is not in-universe answer). 2) It would have killed Rose, so the Doctor absorbed the energy. His body regenerated before the energy could do a significant amount of damage that would prevent regeneration.