Doctor: [in a Scottish accent.] Oh, I'm - I'm dazed and confused. I've been chasing this... This wee naked child over hill and over dale. In't that right, ya... Timorous beastie?
Rose: [in a bad Scottish accent.] Ooch, aye! I've been oot and aboot.
Doctor: No, don't do that.
Rose: Hoots mon!
Doctor: No, really don't. Really.
Queen Victoria: I have rewarded you Sir Doctor. And now you are exiled from this empire, never to return. I don't know what you are, the two of you, or where you're from, but I know that you consort with stars - and magic - and think it fun. But your world is steeped in terror and blasphemy and death and I will not allow it. You will leave this shores and you will reflect, I hope, on how you managed to stray so far from all that is good. And how much longer you may survive this... Terrible life. Now leave my world and never return.
Chosen answer: 1) When Stephen Moffat took over he ignored a lot of what had been developed before (there is not in-universe answer). 2) It would have killed Rose, so the Doctor absorbed the energy. His body regenerated before the energy could do a significant amount of damage that would prevent regeneration.