Factual error: Women of rural areas in 1864 did not shave their legs to the extent shown throughout the movie. For example, when Inman is seduced by the man's wife and when he's having sex with Ada, you'll notice both women are very clean shaven. Even if they had shaved, they didn't have such precise shaving tools back then. (01:11:45 - 02:15:45)
Revealing mistake: Near the end of the movie, after Jude Law has been shot, he is lying on his back with Nicole Kidman leaning over his face. In the shot looking up at Kidman past Law's left ear, you can see the webbing for Law's wig on his left temple.
Factual error: In the scene where Inman is helping build the church he is handed modern pre-cut lumber. This product was not introduced until the middle of the 20th century.
Factual error: In the third chapter of the movie, as the Union soldiers run into the Crater, they are flying the fifty-star American flag which is not the correct flag for the time period. The flag, if it is counting all states, even Confederate states at that time, should have 35 stars. A star for West Virginia, which seceded from Virginia during the American Civil War, was added to the flag in 1863.
Visible crew/equipment: During the scene when Inman is ploughing his lone furrow he is not quite alone. In the final shot, when he is in the foreground and Ada is playing the piano on the horse-drawn wagon in the background, a pair of hands and arms can be seen at the left hand edge of the screen guiding the horse which is pulling the plough.
Continuity mistake: Inman is watching Ada through her window while there is a party going on. When there is a shot of Inman's face, you can see a reflection in the window of Ada putting her hand on her father's shoulder. Then it cuts to Ada's father who is standing alone.
Other mistake: When the home guard are trying to force the Swanger boys out of hiding by crushing Sally Swanger's fingers in the fence, it appears to be only her fingertips that they've trapped. Yet when Ruby and Ada come to help her (a couple of scenes later), as they pull the fence up, the majority of her fingers come out from the fence.
Audio problem: During the scene where Ada and her father are talking about the farm, and how they will manage come winter, Ada says : ...."But with no-one left to work this place, nothing to buy, nothing to buy it with".... her mouth only starts moving to what she is saying half way through the sentence.
Factual error: In the scene where Inman encounters some runaway slaves on a road passing through a cornfield (the scene where he offers to buy an egg from them for a dollar), the road itself is a modern farm track rather than a road or track from the civil war period.
Continuity mistake: In the scene after the battle at Petersburg, Inman is guiding his wounded young friend out of the crater back to their camp. Next to the road to the camp you see several big piles of dead Union soldiers, probably to show how bad the battle turned out for them. But wouldn't it be logical if the Confederate soldiers first saved their own wounded soldiers, and only then arranged the bodies of their dead enemies? Inman was very concerned about his young friend and was still in good state after the battle, surely he would have gotten him out a lot earlier after the battle.
Factual error: At the Battle of the Crater, the Union troops charge into the crater as soon as the explosion ends. However, according to historians' accounts, upon reaching the crater, the troops suddenly halted, and only charged into the crater almost a half hour after the explosion.
Continuity mistake: When Inman says I'll marry you 3 times, Ada's hair around his ear keeps switching between shots from messy to neat behind his ear.
Revealing mistake: Ada's nails look perfectly manicured, even when she is in the snow and Inman is dying.
Continuity mistake: We see Oakley on a stretcher after the battle in the crater and he is talking to Inman, and then we see him in a tent (before he dies) asking Mr. Thewes to play him "something sweet". In these two scenes, the blood and mud on Oakley changes entirely. There is no reason it should change in such a short interval.
Factual error: The Confederate works at Petersburg include columbiads (seacoast artillery). The actual Confederate battery at the crater had regular field pieces.
Continuity mistake: When Ada and her father first are seen in Cold Mountain, Ada is talking to Sally and Ada's bow that ties her bonnet differs in various shots.
Factual error: When Inman is escaping the war and returning home, on his journey we see him cross several mountains which go above tree line. However, Virginia and North Carolina don't have any mountains that go above tree line.
Factual error: Inman appears to be hospitalized in some capital in late summer of 1864. The capital cannot be Richmond, which is under siege, so it must be Raleigh. In the hospital's yard are well-dressed ladies having tea and slaves picking cotton, both of which are highly unlikely in the final months of the war. Raleigh is quite a distance west of the North Carolina coast, and Cold Mountain is at least 250 miles almost due west of Raleigh. Yet, Inman went east to the coast. In the very next scene after wandering on the coast, he has somehow arrived in the mountains, which are less than 50 miles from Cold Mountain in Haywood County. Thus, the majority of his adventures had to have taken place in the last 50 miles of his quest, which is not what is implied by the plot.
Continuity mistake: When Sally and Esco Swanger lean Ada back into the well, there is a water pitcher setting on the edge of the well structure to the viewer's left. As they lift her back up, there is a different water pitcher.
Revealing mistake: When the musicians are hiding out on the mountain, "Georgia" finds a frozen deer which he proudly displays to the rest of the gang. The beast is frozen stiff which is why it doesn't flop around but it also seems suspiciously light too. I reckon an animal of the size depicted would weigh around 30 kg - no way he could've held it out in his arms like he does.
Answer: I hear "Grace Inman, nobody said you could eat."