Corrected entry: At the start Taylor disappears into a rock face, but the long shot after shows no such rock face, only desert and the woman on the horse.
Corrected entry: Taylor states that a nuclear bomb with a Cobalt casing, when detonated, would result in Earth's atmosphere being destroyed. In reality, a Cobalt-cased nuclear bomb wouldn't be any more powerful than a normal one; the only difference would be that the fallout radiation would remain lethal for several decades, rather than a few months.
Correction: The bomb he is referring to is a cobalt chloride bomb, sometimes called a 'cobalt salt' bomb. There is no theoretical limit on their size, and a sufficiently large one would make the Earth's entire atmosphere radioactive for 94,000 years. Effectively the air that we breathe would be a deadly poison. If that isn't 'destroying the atmosphere' I don't know what is.
Corrected entry: Throughout the "Planet of the Apes" movies, chimpanzees are portrayed as peaceful pacifists, while gorillas are prone to violence. Later scientific discoveries after the film was released proved (at least in some respects) the reverse: while gorillas are the more peaceful apes, getting violent only to protect their families or territory, chimpanzees have been found out to eat meat as well, attacking and dismembering small animals and even monkeys.
Correction: But these are not today's apes, they have been through an evolutionary process and changed. We are not the same in behavior as Neandertals or Cro-Magnon man. Since gorillas are stronger and not quite as smart as chimps, they have been relegated to the more brute force roles and overtime become more militant, while the chimps being brighter and lingual have become less aggressive.
Corrected entry: In the scene where Taylor and Brent escape from the cell, just before Nova dies, Charlton Heston has a club in his hand and takes one off the wall handing it to Brent. This is shown to be the last club on the wall, but in the next shot there is a club hanging on the wall behind them in the same spot, yet Taylor and Brent each have one too.
Correction: There were two clubs on the wall after they escaped.
Corrected entry: In the original movie and in the sequel "Beneath", it is established the ape civilization has its own alphabet. However, the peace protesters attempting to block the Ape army from leaving Ape City have protest signs written in English.
Correction: Taylor spends a large part of the first movie communicating with Zira and Cornelius in written English. At no point is it established that the Apes have a different alphabet.
Correction: That's because there never was a rock face. The underground dwellers created the illusion in his mind.