The Verdict in the Story - S3-E13
Continuity mistake: Sweets states both of his doctorates were from Columbia. In an earlier episode he said he had a doctorate from Philadelphia instead.

The Verdict in the Story - S3-E13
Continuity mistake: When discussing how Booth feels regarding locking Max up, Booth is pointing at Brennan with his one hand, camera changes and he's no longer pointing. (00:02:40)

The Verdict in the Story - S3-E13
Continuity mistake: At the start when Booth says they don't need couples therapy any more, his grip on his coffee mug changes between shots. (00:02:00)
Answer: Since the palatine bone is a bone that helps form the mouth it has a lot to do with speaking. The shape of it differs a lot depending on your ethnic background. I would guess that they, in the show, meant that the person's bone tells that they were Japanese and that it was "made for the purpose of speaking Japanese." That's what I'd assume anyway. I've studied molecular biology though, so I'm not an expert on bones.