Factual error: In the San Carlos Mission are visible Matarraton trees (Gliricidia sepium). They only grows in the tropics of America (Colombia, Venezuela, Panama), not in Paraguay or its borders with Argentina and Brazil.
Factual error: The cardinal mentions the Marquis of Pombal. SebastiĆ£o Mele would be the first to receive that title, but that would be 20 years after the film is set. Mele received the title of Marquis in 1770, a full 15 years after the Cardinal's visit.