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Continuity mistake: In the final chase, we see Max taking the arrow out of his hand and Furiosa pulling the knife out of herself. A few shots later, Furiosa is changing gears and moving the rig to the left of Max's rig. In that shot, the knife is still lodged in her body. (01:39:40)
Answer: Presumably he is killed. He is attached to the truck with bungee cords and has no protection from the force of impact in the crash, which is sufficient to break the rig into pieces. There is no way he could have survived the crash.